1944 · CLOSE READING
The Book of Thoth
The Book of Thoth (1944), PDF p. 55
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tial doctrine of the Qabalah; and the thing most difficult to understand about the later de‐
based Old Testament tradition,1 is that it represents Tetragrammaton as masculine, in spite of
the two feminine components. Zeus became too popular, and, in consequence, too many leg‐
ends gathered around him; but the important fact for this present purpose is that Zeus was
peculiarly the Lord of Air.2 Men who sought the origin of Nature in the earliest days tried to
find this origin in one of the Elements. (The history of philosophy describes the controversy
between Anaximander and Zenocrates; later, Empedocles.) It may be that the original authors
of the Tarot were trying to promulgate
1It was a tribal necessity of the savage wanderers to have an uncivilized and simple Demiurge for god;
the complexities and refinements of settled nations were to them mere weakness. Observe that the moment they
got a Promised Land and a Temple, under Solomon, he went “an‐whoring after strange women” and gods. This
infuriated the Diehard prophets, and led within a few years to the breach between Judah and Israel, thence to a
whole sequence of disasters.
2The earliest accounts relate the distribution of the three active elements as Dis (Pluto) to Fire, Zeus
(Jupiter) to Air, and Poseidon (Neptune) to Water,
the doctrine that the origin of everything was Air. Yet if this were so, it would upset the whole
Tarot as we know it, since the order of origin makes Fire the first father. It is Air as Zero that
reconciles the antinomy.
Dianus and Diana, it is true, were symbols of the air, and the Sanskrit Vedas say that the
storm gods were the original gods. Yet, if the storm gods really presided over the formation of
the Universe as we know it, they were certainly storms of fire; to this astronomers agree. But
this theory certainly implies an identification of air and fire, and it seems as if they were
thought of as before Light, that is, the Sun; before creative energy, that is, the phallus; and this
idea continually suggests itself, that there is here some doctrine contrary to our own most
reasonable doctrine: one in which the original confusion of the elements, the Tohu‐Bohu, is to
be put forward as the cause of order, instead of as a plastic mass on which order imposes it‐
self.
No system truly Qabalistic makes air in the conventional sense the original element,
though Akasha is the egg of spirit, the black or dark blue egg. This suggests a form of Harpo‐
crates. In that case, by “air” one really means “spirit”. However this may be, the actual symbol
is perfectly clear, and should be applied to its proper place.
Dionysus Zagreus. Bacchus Diphues.
It is convenient to treat the two gods as one. Zagreus is only important to the present
purpose because he possesses horns, and because (in the Eleusinian Mysteries) it is said that
he was torn to pieces by the Titans. But Athena rescued his heart and carried it to his father,
Zeus. His mother was Demeter; he is thus the fruit of the marriage of Heaven and Earth. This
identifies him as the Vau of Tetragrammaton, but the legends of his “death” refer to initiation,
which accords with the doctrine of the Devourer.
In this card, however, the traditional form is much more clearly expressive of Bacchus
Diphues, who represents a more superficial form of worship; the ecstasy characteristic of the
god is more magical than mystical. The latter demands the name Iacchus, whereas Bacchus
had Semele for a mother, who was visited by Zeus in the form of a flash of lightning which de‐
stroyed her. But she was already pregnant by him, and Zeus saved the child. Until puberty, he
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