1944 · CLOSE READING
The Book of Thoth
The Book of Thoth (1944), PDF p. 25
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ing, but they were also called Knight, Queen, King and Princess. Sometimes, too, the Prince
and Princess are called “Emperor” and “Empress”.
The reason for this confusion is connected with the doctrine of the Fool of the Tarot,
the legendary Wanderer, who wins the King’s daughter, a legend which is connected with the
old and exceedingly wise plan of choosing the successor to a king by his ability to win the
princess from all competitors. (Frazer’s Golden Bough is the authority on this subject.)
It has been thought better, for the present pack, to adopt the term “Knight”, “Queen”,
“Prince” and “Princess”, to represent the series Father, Mother, Son, Daughter, because the
doctrine involved, which is extraordinarily complex and difficult, demands it. The Father is
“Knight” because he is represented as riding on a horse. It may make it more clear to describe
the two main systems, the Hebrew and the Pagan, as if they were (and had always been) con‐
crete and separate.
The Hebrew system is straightforward and irreversible; it postulates Father and
Mother from whose union issue Son and Daughter. There an end. It is only later philosophical
speculation to derive the Father‐Mother Dyad from a Unity manifest, and later still to seek the
source of that Unity in Nothing. This is a concrete and limited scheme, crude, with its cause‐
less Beginning and its sterile End.
The Pagan system is circular, self‐generated, self‐nourished, self‐renewed. It is a wheel
on whose rim are Father‐Mother‐Son‐Daughter; they move about the motionless axis of Zero;
they unite at will; they transform one into another; there is neither Beginning nor End to the
Orbit;
none
is
higher
or
lower
than
another.
The
Equation
“Naught=Many=Two=One=All=Naught” is implicit in every mode of the being of the System.
Difficult as this is, at least one very desirable result has been attained: to explain why
the Tarot has four Court cards, not three. It also explains why there are four suits. The four
suits are named as follows: “Wands”, attributed to Fire; “Cups”, to Water; “Swords”, to Air; and
“Disks” (“Coins”, or “Pantacles”), to Earth. The student will notice this interplay and counter‐
change of the number 4. It is also important for him to notice that even in the tenfold ar‐
rangement, the number 4 takes its part. The Tree of Life can be divided into four planes: the
number I corresponds to Fire; numbers 2 and 3, to Water; numbers 4 to 9, to Air; and the
number 10 to Earth. This division corresponds to the analysis of Man. The number I is his
spiritual essence, without quality or quantity; the numbers 2 and 3 represent his creative and
transmissive powers, his virility and his intelligence; the numbers 4 to 9 describe his mental
and moral qualities as concentrated in his human personality; the number 6, so to speak, is a
concrete elaboration of the number I; and the number 10 corresponds to Earth, which is the
physical vehicle of the previous nine numbers. The names of these parts of the soul are: I,
Jechidah; 2 and 3, Chiah and Neschamah; 4 to 9, Ruach; and lastly 10; Nephesch.
These four planes correspond once more to the so‐called “Four Worlds”, to understand
the nature of which one should refer, with all due reservations, to the Platonic system. The
number I is Atziluth, the Archetypal World; but the number 2, as being the dynamic aspect of
the number I, is the Practical attribution. The number 3 is Briah, the Creative World in which
the Will of the Father takes shape through the Conception of the Mother, just as the spermato‐
zoon, by fertilizing the ovum, makes possible the production of an image of its parents. The
numbers 4 to 9 include Yetzirah, the Formative World, in which an intellectual image, an ap‐
preciable form of the idea, is produced; and this mental image becomes real and sensible in
the number 10, Assiah, the Material World.
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